b'Frequently asked questions (cont.) What do I need to run fast PCR? Are there safer alternatives to ethidium bromide for staining nucleic PCR amplicons shorter than 1 kb can be amplified in as little as 40 minutesacids in gel electrophoresis?using fast enzymes (high processivity; see page 28), fast plastics (lowSYBR Safe DNA gel stain is a safer alternative to ethidium bromide and profile and ultra-thin walls; see page 25), and fast thermal cyclers (fast rampis commonly used in gel electrophoresis. SYBR Safe DNA gel stain is not rate; see pages 2223). classified as hazardous waste or as a pollutant under US federal regulations (see page 36).How can I prevent sample evaporation during PCR?Proper sealing of your reactions will help prevent evaporation during PCR. For more tips and troubleshooting advice on nucleic acid electrophoresis, visit thermofisher.com/na-electrophoresis-education andWhen using adhesive film to seal a plate, be sure to properly align the sealthermofisher.com/na-electrophoresis-supportto cover all wells and press firmly along all edges of the plate using an applicator tool. Cloning When sealing a plate using cap strips, ensure that the cap strips areDo you have a buffer compatibility chart for restriction enzymes?compatible with the plate and thermal cycler being used. Be sure to alignAll FastDigest restriction enzymes are 100%active in one universal FastDigest cap strips with each well of the plate and place firmly across the plate for abuffer (see page 40). Hence, there is no buffer compatibility chart for secure fit. FastDigest restriction enzymes. Use the applicator tool (Cat. No. 4333183 or 4330015) or other comparableWhat is the main difference between GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments sealing tools as needed.and GeneArt Gene Synthesis?GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments are custom-made, uncloned, double-For more tips and troubleshooting advice on PCR, visitstranded linear DNA fragments. GeneArt Gene Synthesis is a service thermofisher.com/pcreducation and thermofisher.com/pcrsupport offered for chemical synthesis, cloning, and sequence verification of genetic sequences (see page 44).Nucleic acid electrophoresisWhy is it important to choose the right ladder when using E-Gel precastWhat are some key considerations for choosing competent cells for my agarose gels? cloning applications?Accurate analysis of electrophoresis bands often depends on the DNA ladderGenotype, transformation efficiency, growth rate, and throughput format are chosen for your gel run. E-Gel DNA ladders are formulated with ready-to-useimportant factors in choosing competent cells for cloning. The genotype of a buffers unique for E-Gel precast agarose gels, and DNA standards designedcell strain may determine growth conditions and suitability for transformation for optimal separation (see page 34). with specific DNA types (see page 45).For more tips and troubleshooting advice on cloning, visit thermofisher.com/cloningeducation and Resourcesthermofisher.com/cloningsupport52'