b'Benefits and underlying principles ofpreparation Sample common nucleic acid isolation methodsOrganic extraction: Phenol-chloroform solution Benefits:(e.g., Invitrogen DNAzol and TRIzol reagents)Efficient lysis of cells and tissueAfter homogenizing the sample with TRIzol Reagent, chloroform is added, and the mixture Rapid denaturation of nucleases separates into a clear upper aqueous layer containing RNA, an interphase layer, and a pink Stabilization of nucleic acidslower organic layer containing the DNA and protein. RNA is precipitated from the upper aqueous layer with isopropanol. DNA is precipitated from the interphase and organic layers Great for fatty and with ethanol. Protein is precipitated from the phenolethanol supernatant with isopropanol.cartilaginous samplesSpin columns: Glass fiber, derivatized silica, or ion exchange membrane in columnBenefits:(e.g., Thermo Scientific GeneJET and Invitrogen PureLink kits)ConvenienceSamples are lysed and passed through the membrane using centrifugal or vacuum force. Ease of useWash and elution solutions are subsequently passed through the membrane, and the Throughput flexibilitysample is collected into a tube by centrifugation. Specialized equipment not requiredMagnetic beads: 0.51.0 m particles with a paramagnetic core and modified shellBenefits:(e.g., Applied Biosystems MagMAX kits and Invitrogen Dynabeads magnetic beads)No risk of cloggingSamples are lysed in solution and allowed to bind nucleic acid to magnetic particles based Increased target capture efficiency on specific surface modifications. Application of an external magnetic field rapidly collects Rapid collection andthe particles. Rounds of release, washes, and recapture enable purification of the desiredconcentration of samplenucleic acid. Specialized equipment not required ScalabilityFind out more at thermofisher.com/sampleprep7'