b'Transfer systems for western blottingAll modern western blot transfer methods rely on thethrough the buffer to move proteins from the gel to the electrophoretic mobility of proteins. When an electricmembrane. For semi-dry transfer, the membrane and gel field is applied across the transfer sandwich or stack, theare sandwiched between filter paper soaked with transfer proteins move out of the polyacrylamide gel and ontobuffer. This wetted filter paper serves as the buffer reservoir the nitrocellulose or PVDF membrane, creating a copyto support transfer. Charge is driven through the filter paper of the protein separation pattern in the original gel. Wet,to move the proteins from the gel to the membrane. In dry semi-dry, and dry transfer procedures are commonly usedtransfer systems, the membranegel sandwich is placed electroblotting methods. The key differences betweenbetween specialized gel matrices that contain ions. These these systems are the amount of buffer used and theions move when current is applied, resulting in transfer of speed of the transfer. In traditional wet transfer systems,the proteins from the protein gel to the membrane. The the filter papermembranegel sandwich is submergedtransfer systems we offer for each method are summarized in a tank that contains transfer buffer. A current passesin Table 1.Table 1. Characteristics of Invitrogen transfer systems.Wet transfer Semi-dry transfer Dry transferMini BlotXCell II BlotSureLock Tandem MidiPower BlotteriBlot 2 Gel Transfer Module Module Blot Module Systems DeviceCapacity: Capacity: Capacity: Capacity: Capacity:1 mini gel per blotUp to 2 mini blots 1 midi gel per blot14 mini or12 mini or module; 12 blotmodule; 12 blot12 midi gels 1 midi gelmodules per tank modules per tankTransfer time:Transfer time:Transfer time:Transfer time:Transfer time: 60 min 60120 min 30 min 710 min 7 minBlotting area: Blotting area: Blotting area: Blotting area: Blotting area:9 x 9 cm 9 x 9 cm 9.2 x 14.4 cm 10 x 18 cm or 8.5 x 13.5 cm21 x 22.5 cmTransfer buffer volume: Transfer buffer volume: Transfer buffer volume: Transfer buffer volume: Transfer buffer volume:220 mL per blot module 200 mL 300 mL per blot module Pre-cut membranesBuffer not requiredand filters: 50100 mL; pre-assembled Select transfer stacks: buffer not requiredPower supply: External Power supply: External Power supply: External Power supply: Internal Power supply: InternalRequired equipment: Required equipment: Required equipment:Mini Gel Tank XCell SureLock Mini-Cell SureLock Tandem Midi Gel Tank6'