b'Protein ladders and standardsPrestained and unstained formats with exceptional lot-to-lot consistency kDa kDaWe offer a broad range of prestained and unstained protein ladders in a ready-to-use250 260format to facilitate easy protein analysis during gel electrophoresis and western blotting130 14095 100(Tables 2 and 3). 72 7055 50Highlights: 4036 35Performancesharp protein bands and consistent migration patterns provide easy28 25molecular weight determination (Figure 4) 17 15Convenienceprotein ladders are ready to load, with no heating required 10 10Reliabilityexceptional lot-to-lot consistency and reproducibility PageRuler Plus Spectra Multicolor Prestained Broad RangeProtein Ladder Protein LadderTable 2. Prestained and unstained protein ladders. kDa kDa300250 220Prestained protein ladders 180130 120Low range Spectra Multicolor Low Range Protein Ladder 100 10070 80Broad range PageRuler Plus Prestained Protein Ladder 50 60High range HiMark Prestained Protein Standard 40 50Recommended for: 40Determining approximate molecular weight30Monitoring the progress of electrophoresis runs20Estimating the efficiency of protein transfer to the membrane during western blotting Spectra MulticolorMagicMark XP High Range WesternUnstained protein ladders Protein Ladder Protein StandardLow range PageRuler Unstained Low Range Protein Ladder kDa kDa250Broad range PageRuler Unstained Broad Range Protein LadderHigh range HiMark Unstained Protein Standard 13095 80Recommended for:70Determining precise molecular weight of target protein 5543Other 34 3026Western blot MagicMark XP Western Protein StandardiBright Prestained Protein Ladder 15PageRuler Prestained NIR Protein Ladder 10Specialty BenchMark Fluorescent Protein StandardBenchMark His-tagged Protein Standard iBright Prestained IEF Marker 310 Protein LadderFigure 4. Migration patterns of protein ladders. Thermo Scientific PageRuler and Spectra ladders are visualized directly after gel separation. The Invitrogen MagicMark XP standard is visualized by chemiluminescent substrate detection. The Invitrogen iBright Prestained Protein Ladder has three methods of detection. Left: prestained ladder visualized after gel separation; center: chemiluminescent substrate detection of western blot; right: near-IR fluorescence detection of western blot.Find out more at thermofisher.com/proteinladders 52 Protein gel electrophoresis thermofisher.com/proteinbiology'