b'Protein stainsOptimized formulations for specific applicationsOnce protein bands have been separated by electrophoresis, they can be directly visualized using different methods of in-gel detection. Over the past several decades, demands for improved sensitivity for small sample sizes and compatibility with downstream applications and detection instrumentation have driven the development of several basic staining methods. Each method has particular advantages and disadvantages, and a number of specific formulations of each type of method provide optimal performance for various situations. Our portfolio includes Coomassie, silver, fluorescent, and specialty gel stains (Table 4).Highlights:Convenientmost formulations are ready to useOptimizedreagents and kits developed for specific applications and workflowsFlexible offeringmultiple options to meet sensitivity or budget needsTable 4. Gel stain selection guide. Protein stainingCoomassie staining Silver staining Fluorescent protein stainingSensitivity 25 ng 0.5 ng 0.5 ngEase of use + + +Mode of action In acidic buffer conditions,Silver ions interact and bind with carboxylicMost fluorescent stains involve simple Coomassie stain binds to basic andacid groups (Asp and Glu), imidazole (His),dye-binding mechanisms rather than hydrophobic residues of proteins,sulfhydryls (Cys), and amines (Lys). Silver ionschemical reactions that alter protein changing from dull reddish-brown toare reduced to metallic silver, resulting in afunctional groups.intense blue. brown-black color.Detection Visual Visual Compatible imaging systemCompatibilityCompatible with mass spectrometryCertain formulations are compatible with MS Most stains are compatible with MSwith downstream(MS) and sequencingapplicationsProducts Value: PageBlue Protein StainingValue: Pierce Silver Stain Kit Value: SYPRO Red Protein Gel StainSolution Performance: SilverXpress Silver Staining Kit Performance: SYPRO Orange Protein Performance: SimplyBlue SafeStain Mass spectrometry: Pierce Silver Stain forGel StainPremium: Imperial Protein Stain Mass Spectrometry Premium: SYPRO Ruby Protein Gel StainFind out more at thermofisher.com/proteinstainsTest your protein research knowledge Question: How does the composition of a stacking gel differ from that of a resolving gel?A. A stacking gel has a higher concentration of acrylamide than a resolving gel.B. A stacking gel has a lower pH than a resolving gel.C. There is no difference in composition between the two gels.D. A stacking gel has the same ionic content as a resolving gel.Answer: B54 Protein gel electrophoresis thermofisher.com/proteinbiology'